![]() Finer-scale co-occurrence may have resulted from competition in high-resource environments, while broader scale co-occurrence may have been driven by fire and associated feedbacks. Conclusions: We detected spatially variable structure within the Tension Zone, resulting from multi-scale processes among underlying environmental drivers. Sites with xeric tree species were associated with broader-scale co-occurrence. Northern and southern trees co-occurred at broader scales near ecotone center and at locations with higher climatic water availability and sandier soils they co-occurred at finer scales in locations with higher climatic water availability and richer soils. Results: Co-occurrence emerged at different scales, related to interacting climate and soil variables and location within the ecotone. We assessed relationships between co-occurrence and environmental variables. Methods: Using historical (1800s) tree occurrence data, we examined co-occurrence of northern and southern species at multiple scales (1.0 km to 7.5 km) at different locations in the Tension Zone, identifying the finest scale at which co-occurrence was detected. Objectives: Characterize ecotone structure in the Tension Zone, examine how structure varied spatially, and identify how environmental drivers affected structure. In Wisconsin (USA) the Tension Zone is an ecoregional ecotone, separating northern and southern ecosystems. Ecotone structure can vary spatially, yet variability in broader-scale ecotones is poorly understood. Characterizing structure in an ecoregional ecotone adds to a growing body of evidence that finer-scale factors play a role in defining the characteristics, functions, and responses of broader-scale ecotones.Ībstract = "Context: Ecological structure in ecotones, defined by how species from adjacent systems co-occur, affects ecosystem functions and climate change responses. ![]() ![]() Context: Ecological structure in ecotones, defined by how species from adjacent systems co-occur, affects ecosystem functions and climate change responses.
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Positive reviews mention that this supplement helped to ease leg cramps and was easy to take. The company claims this product is third-party tested, Non-GMO Project verified, and made in a CGMP-certified facility. Trace Minerals suggests a person adds these drops to drinks or food. ![]() Although this means a person can measure their dose, it may be less accurate than taking a tablet or capsule. Trace Minerals writes that the ionic potassium in this supplement is a concentrated liquid form that can help support muscle, nerve function, and heart and brain health.Ī person can measure each serving with the metered dropper. This includes 30 mg of magnesium, 300 mg of chloride, and 65 mg of sodium. Each 1/3 teaspoon serving provides 99 mg of potassium and a range of other minerals. This potassium supplement is an option for people who find capsules and tablets difficult to swallow. However, some buyers wrote that there were unmarked tablets and empty capsules in the container, and others did not like taking up to five capsules a day. Positive reviews show that this product is a good price for the serving volume and the supplements effectively reduced leg cramps. This means that the entire manufacturing process has been examined, and the product has been tested for stability, potency, and the accuracy of its ingredients. The company claims this supplement is made in a Current Good Manufacturing Practice (CGMP) certified facility. However, a person should start slowly with new supplements and on the lowest dosage to be sure they tolerate it well. If a person takes this supplement five times per day, they will get 10% of the recommended daily intake of potassium. The dosage information states that a person should take 1 capsule one to five times daily with food. It states that potassium citrate is a highly bioavailable form of potassium. The label suggests it helps support electrolyte balance, pH, and proper muscle contractions. NOW Supplements claims this supplement is vegan and soy-, nut-, and gluten-free. It is also important to note that experiencing MA due to following a keto diet is extremely rare in people without a preexisting health condition. The researchers suggest potassium citrate acts as an alkalizing agent to counteract the potential for MA.įurther studies are necessary to determine whether everyone following a keto diet should take a potassium citrate supplement. One 2020 study suggests that oral potassium citrate supplementation may prevent the risk of MA in children following a keto diet. This can lead to kidney problems and a loss of bone mineral density. ![]() This can trigger metabolic acidosis (MA), in which the blood becomes too acidic. The keto diet increases the acidic environment of the body. Some people follow a keto diet to assist with weight loss.Ī keto diet may also help people with the following conditions, although there is not enough research to support its use in all these cases: Keto diets are high fat, low carbohydrate, moderate protein diets. People with any of the above risk factors may benefit from taking a potassium supplement. ![]() eating following a period of starvation. ![]() However, certain factors can decrease potassium levels. In people with regular kidney function, abnormally low or high potassium levels in the blood are rare. ![]() With this software, you can rename or delete folders. ![]()
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